Manfred Mann Chapter Three was a British experimental jazz rock band formed in 1969 by keyboardist Manfred Mann and drummer Mike Hugg, both previously of the hit-making group Manfred Mann. Taking a new musical direction, the band blended jazz, rock, and brass elements, featuring an expanded lineup with a five-piece horn section at their debut in Newcastle. They released two adventurous studio albums before disbanding in 1971, following a troubled tour in Australia and New Zealand. Shortly after, Manfred Mann went on to create Manfred Mann's Earth Band.