Franz Joseph Haydn (1732–1809) was a leading Austrian composer of the Classical period, widely known as the "Father of the Symphony" and the "Father of the String Quartet" for his key role in shaping both genres. Coming from modest beginnings, he started his career as a choirboy in Vienna and endured years as a struggling freelance musician before becoming music director for the influential Esterházy family. This position, though somewhat isolating, drove his originality and led to the widespread publication and acclaim of his music across Europe. Later, Haydn found success in London and Vienna, cementing his reputation as one of the era's most celebrated composers. He was a mentor to Mozart, a teacher of Beethoven, and the elder brother of fellow composer Michael Haydn.